History tells us that when considering the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the job market, AI is more likely to transform how we work rather than replace human labor. Throughout significant technological advancements, more new jobs have been created than the number of jobs that have been eliminated. Alongside the changes brought about by AI, new terms such as centaurs, cyborgs, copilots, and meat puppets are becoming part of the conversation regarding the future of jobs.
One bleak term used to describe the future of work is “meat puppet.” This term refers to individuals directed by AI to perform manual tasks. The concept seems dystopian, especially given the assumption that manual roles would already be automated.
In the future, AI may be better described as “copilots” rather than “pilots.” This would involve AI assisting humans in their work and handling non-essential tasks, allowing humans to focus on more complex and cognitive work. A recent article from Fast Company cited nurses and call center agents as examples of this kind of collaborative relationship.
Cyborgs and centaurs are two other popular terms for the collaborative future of humans and AI. Cyborgs work in tandem with AI. “AI is seamlessly integrated into the human body or workflow, becoming an extension of the individual—akin to a prosthetic limb or cochlear implant. This deep integration blurs the boundary between human and machine, sometimes even challenging our notions of what it means to be human.”
Centaurs represent a partnership between humans and AI. The article states, “This model preserves the values of human insight, using it to augment the machine’s capabilities, creating something more than the sum of its parts. In this setup, the human remains in the loop, making strategic decisions and providing emotional or creative input, while the AI focuses on computation, data analysis or routine tasks.”
Centaurs have a clear division of labor, with certain tasks designated for AI and others for humans. This division is based on the desired outcome and the most effective capabilities needed. Cyborgs are more closely integrated with AI. For instance, many individuals utilize generative AI, such as GPT-4, often by composing an initial query and then asking AI to complete or edit it.
In the workforce, many white-collar roles can be compared to centaurs. One area where AI excels is data analysis, processing vast amounts of structured or unstructured data to identify patterns. With the support of AI, humans can then leverage our unique ability to understand context, derive insights, and make improved decisions.
Working with AI technologies in these capacities can provide the best possible results for companies as long as the centaurs and cyborgs don’t become overly reliant on AI. An experiment with HR recruiters found that those who used high-quality AI technology in their searches became “lazy, careless, and less skilled in their own judgement.” The recruiters overlooked several excellent candidates, and their decisions were worse than those of the recruiters who didn’t use AI or had poor-quality AI.
When the AI technology is of high quality, we may find ourselves paying less attention to our work and even slacking off from our usual tasks, almost like falling asleep at the wheel. According to the study, this can hinder our learning, impede skill development, and reduce productivity.
AI is poised to revolutionize the way we work. Its ability to process large volumes of data in order to enhance decision-making surpasses the capacity of human thinking. Nevertheless, AI is unable to replicate the essential soft skills necessary for effective leadership, such as inspiring people, demonstrating empathy, and building trust.
Centaurs and cyborgs represent what the future of work is likely to become. By working alongside AI, we can develop solutions that are superior to those created solely by AI or us. Many of us can adopt the centaur or cyborg approach today by integrating AI into our work to gain firsthand experience of where it supports our work and where it still falls short.
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